General Information:
The anal sacs are located on each side of the anus, just under the skin. They open to the outside by tiny passageways or ducts. Glands within the anal sacs produce a dark, foul-smelling substance. The sacs normally empty as the animal has a bowel movement. Their purpose is unknown and your pet can do well without them.
Disease of the anal sacs fall into 3 categories:
- Impaction:
The anal sac fluid is abnormally thick and cannot escape. This overfilling of the gland will place increased pressure on the surrounding tissues, therefore, causing an irritating sensation to your pet. This may cause your pet exhibit the classical signs of anal sac disease (see below). - Inflammation:
Inflammation in the anal sacs is termed sacculitis. It can occur as a result of chronic low grade infection or repeated episodes of mild impactions. - Infection and/or Abscessation:
Bacteria produce a yellow or bloody pus. Infection may also exist in other areas, such as the eyes, ears, tonsils and/or skin. As a result of infection, a hot, tender swelling near the anus may result, this is called an abscess. This abscess may rupture and discharge pus and blood.
Signs of anal sac disease include "scooting" (dragging the anus on the floor), excessive licking under the tail, tenderness near the tail or anus, and/or bloody or sticky drainage from the anal area.
Treatment Information:
We hope that you will find this information helpful in your quest for better pet care. If you have any questions or comments, please feel free to e-mail us.
David E. Hammett, DVM
and the Staff of All Creatures Veterinary Clinic,
PC
