DENTAL DISEASE IN DOGS AND CATS

General Information:

Dental calculus (tartar) is composed of various mineral salts, organic material and food particles. In the early stages of accumulation, the material is soft (plaque), but it later hardens and adheres to the teeth. Continual accumulation causes inflammation of the gums and eventual recession of the gums and loose teeth. The breath becomes very odorous and the mouth becomes a dangerous source of infection. As the plaque hardens into calculus, it becomes almost 80% bacteria. That bacteria leads to the formation of pus under the gum line, which then causes pain in the pet's mouth. Although our pets handle a painful mouth much better than we do, it still hurts them to use their mouths at this stage. Plus every time the pet swallows, he or she swallows quite a load of bacteria.

Untreated tooth and gum disease may allow bacteria to enter the bloodstream and cause damage to the valves of the heart. Recent research has revealed a DIRECT involvement of tooth and gum disease with GI problems (like diarrhea and/or vomiting), liver and kidney diseases, and heart disease.

Preventative Information:

Feed hard or coarse foods. We recommend feeding Hill's t/d for adult dogs. This relatively new diet has been found to be an excellent preventative measure when used regularly.

Provide rawhides, hard rubber or nylon chew toys or hard treat foods. Remember that the treat foods are a source of calories and may lead to obesity if too many are given.

Brush your pet's teeth periodically. Your veterinarian can provide a special enzymatic toothpaste developed for the teeth of cats and dogs. Abrasive dental cleaning pads are also helpful in cleaning the teeth. Water and baking soda can be used with a soft toothbrush but are less effective than tooth-paste developed for animals. Oral Cleansers have been found to be an excellent preventative measure when used regularly.

Regular professional cleaning by your veterinary health care staff is the most effective way to ensure good dental health for your pet.

We hope that you will find this information helpful in your quest for better pet care. If you have any questions or comments, please call your veterinarian's office, or feel free to e-mail us.

David E. Hammett, DVM
and the Staff of All Creatures Veterinary Clinic, PC